I.THUPATNA Zo minamte pen tulaitahin Kawlgam ah tul sawmthum leh tul nga kiim(tuom) kipha a, India gam Manipur state ah tul sawm leh tul nga kiim teng hi. Hunkhat lai-in mithupi, minamlien kihi maleh tu-in mitawm tham i suohphot uhhi.
II. Zo min i puohna Ei ‘Zo mite’ pen i ‘Pu Zo’ ii suon-leh-hlahte i hizieh a Zo minam i hi hi. Zo gam a i ten zieh a Zo te eikichi hilou a,haisung haisung ah omta leih i Pu Zo sisan zaal in ‘Zote’ i hi hi.
III. Zo minam kipatna I Pu Zo pen banghunlai a napieng cithu kantelna diing haa simsim ding hi. BC hunlai peh in tulaitaha Sen(China) gam laizang mun tengah ‘Xo’ akici minam lein khat kumpi gam kip khat dingzo hi. Tuapen ‘Zo te’ ii i tangthu masa pen hi. Thamlo in Sen te tangthu sungma ah ‘Jo dynasty-Jo kumpi khang’ ci zong na om ngai a,Thailand gam dong in thu nanei ngai hi. Tuapen i tangthu nina hi, aci zong ki om hi. Mihingte pienkhietna toh kisai akan cien (Anthropologist) mipilte genna ah ei ‘Zo’ mite pen Khamtung gam minam tuomtuomte leh kachin minamte toh kibangin ,’Tet’ minam sungpan apiengte ei kici hi.
‘Tet’ minamte toh kisawi in tangthu lam mipilte in AD 760-850 hun in Tibeto-Burman kici minam khenpi khatin,Tibet gam pan ang tuolsuh uh hi. Tuasung pan pawlkhatte (Eg.Kachin) Kawlgam sahlam gamteng ah phuol ana saat uhhi kici hi. Tuapan adangte ang nawtsuohsuh in AD 900 kiim a, Tagaung khuosatte sungah i pu-pate zong na kihal hituoh hi. Kumzathum kim hun sungin Tibeto-Burman minamte sungpan:
(1) Pyu minam-Kawlte kipatna
(2)Kanyan minam-Arakanesete kipatna leh
(3)Tet minam-Zo mite kipatna khenthum angphato hi. Kum-zalom 10-13 AD hun ciengin Tet minam pan Zote leh anaihuoiteng in Tagaung pan Ayeyarwardy gun dung teng leh Chindwin gundung kilah tengah ang kithethang uhi, ci thu zanggam a teng Asho Chin te, Yaw minam te, Khamtung gam sahlam a om minam tuomtuomte Khamtung gam hlanglam a om Cho-Chin, Khami – Chin te i tangthu sung ah kiciemte ciet hi.
(2)Kanyan minam-Arakanesete kipatna leh
(3)Tet minam-Zo mite kipatna khenthum angphato hi. Kum-zalom 10-13 AD hun ciengin Tet minam pan Zote leh anaihuoiteng in Tagaung pan Ayeyarwardy gun dung teng leh Chindwin gundung kilah tengah ang kithethang uhi, ci thu zanggam a teng Asho Chin te, Yaw minam te, Khamtung gam sahlam a om minam tuomtuomte Khamtung gam hlanglam a om Cho-Chin, Khami – Chin te i tangthu sung ah kiciemte ciet hi.
Zo te leh Khamtunggam minam dangte in kum-zalom 14-15 AD kikal sungin Khamtung gam ang zuonto uhhi. Mizo kamham bawngteng ‘Sepui’ ah, Falam, Haka kamham bawngteng ‘Sunthla ‘ah, Zo kamham bawngteng ‘Ciimnuoi’ ah phuol ang saatkia uhhi. ‘Ciimnuoi’ i ci pen tulaitahin ‘Saizang’ leh Phaileng khuo kikal teng ahi. Ciimnuoi ah khangli bang akiten zaw ciengin Zote Vanglai (Tehlui khonei) ana saat u’a,tuapan in Haidawi(Bumzang khotaw) ah ana teng uhhi. Tuapan in sahlam ang kikhang toutou a, pawlkhat pen Indiagam Manipur State dong na tungto uhhi.
II) ZO MITE DINMUN I. Tanglai Zo mite dinmun Zo mite angpien khietna toh kisai i gensa bangin Topa Jesu suoma hunlai Sente ii ‘Xo’ dynasty ahi a, ‘Jo’ dynasty ahizongin tulaitah a ei ‘Zo te’ toh kisaina om, omlo cipen genhaa,kanhaa simsim ding hi. Ahivangin, tanglai i pu-pa ‘Zo’ te pen tulai ei ‘Zo’ te bang na hilo in minam thahat, ngaina leh tangthu akip a anei minam gol mama khat na hi ngai hi cithu tawm i kikum ding uhhi. Tambang i genna ah “No evidence, no history” akici mabangin a omlopi te genlo in “evidnce’ akip lien teng sungpan i theiban cieng atomno in i gen ding hi.
1. AD 850 kiim in ‘ZO HAM’ kizang jo hi. Kawlgam sunga minamte toh kisai akantel ahi, Professor G.H. Luce in, ‘Tibeto-Burman i ci vangin ataang zah uh kamham(common language) pen Chin, Kachin khatzawzaw ahisihleh tuagel kigawm hithei ding hi.” ci’n ana gen ngai hi. Atheihuoi thu panin Chin akicite sungah Kachin te toh kamham akitamsut(akibangtam) penpen ‘Zo’ te i hi hi. Mellesa, kamham omzie a kipan Chin le Kachin uta i hi tahpi leh akikal a kizopna (link) anai penpen Zo te ihi thei ding hi. Zo te i tangthu, ingaina i kamhamte kantel leih AD 850 kiim in Zo ham kizang jo hi cithu kimuthei hi.
2. Kum-zalom 10-13 AD in ZO MITE KIPIENG ZO HI. Kum-zalom 10-13 AD a kipna Tet minam teng in Ayeyarwady gundung,Chindwin gundungteng pan mun tuomtuom akithe thang na uh a i tangmi un (common name) ahi ‘Zo’ cipen na keng kawikawi uhhi. Ayeyarwady gundung a tengte in ‘Zo’ panin ‘Asho’ ,Chindwin gun tolam a tengte in ‘Zo’ panin ‘Yaw’ min ang potou uhhi. ‘Zo’ ci min a kemsuoh phadieh pen Khamtung gam a tengte I hi uhhi. Lushei,Huolngo te in Mi Zo, Falam, Haka gam a tengte in Lai Zo, Khalkha Zo, Zotung chi bangi amin ana keng vuh hi. Tedim gam a, Zo mite’n ahileh ‘Zomi’ cietciet sungpan Zomi tahtahte om nalai hi cithu kum tampi lai a kipan akitheisa hi. Hinanleh, ‘Zo’ te’n ‘Zo’ ahilam theimel donmel in neilo a,tuabanah ‘Zo’ i cipen nidang za a athupi nawnlouna tampi ang phata hi. Tuahun laitahin ‘Zo’ ka hi aci lo Zomi tampi in zong ama min akilawna diing min(identification) dang muthei tuonlo ahiziehibn tuma kum sawmnga kiim a kipan in,’Zomi’ ka hihi ang kicitha tawmsan ahi uhhi. Tu-in ‘Zo’ kamham Zo te saangin Tedim kamham tuomtuom azang ‘Zomi’ te in a Zomi hina thupisa zaw bilbel uhhi. I min amanthai diing Pasien in phallo hiding hi.
3. ZO TE PEN MINAM BUL MAMA KHAT AHIHI. Capt. KhupZaThang in ‘Zomi’ te khanggui aguolna ah i Pu ‘Zo’ panin khang ngana ah Pu Songthu ana om a, Falam minam pawlkhat in akhanggui uh ‘Songthu’ toh ana pan uhhi. Tuabanah ‘Zo mite’ pienna thu akante in ‘Pu Songthu in Ciimnuoi khuo saat in hausa sem hi ‘ci uhhi. Ahivangin Mizo te khangsimna sunga ‘Chawngthu’ ci min khat simlo adang Tedim kamham a kipan minam tuomtuomte khanggui sungah ‘Songthu’ ci min khollo kha ding hi. Zo te khanggui simmna sungah Capt.KhupZaThang in ang guol bangma in Pu. ‘Songthu’ kimuthei hi. Tuabanah, gentena in sanggam Siihzangte pienna ‘Suontah, Ngengu’ cite pen ei Zo te khangsimna ah : ‘Zo’ pan ‘Songthu’ khang nga,Songthu pan Zahong, Suontah(Dopmul) Mulpi,Ngengu ci bang in na kiguol suhpan hi. Zote sungah be-le-phung zakhat(100) kiim(vel/tuom)) om hi. Tuate sungah Zo te be hinapi Zo kam azang nawnlo zong tampi a om hi. Tedim kam hamte sung Sizang,Vaiphei thamlo Falam sung, India gam Meitei te sung nangawn ah Zo te ka hi aci toh, Zo te ahilam theilo a aphungmin beh(ngen) atheilien toh a kithe thaang ‘Zo te’ tampi a om hi. Zo te i pienna sawt mamata ahiziehin tambanga kithethaang pen lamdanglo hi. Kithethaang na thute sungah galmat pawl zong a om u’a, pawlkhat pen agamlawt ngiet zong om hi. Tuni ciengdongin Zo te sisan pen gamlawtna lungsim leh gamman bai phaahdiehna khat kinei hi. Tuhun ma-in zong Zo te pen miengte kam kisiembai phadieh a, tua in midangte vuacipna(acculturation/influence) sunga imanthaai(manthaap) bai nadiing zie ei lah hi.
4. Zo te pan ngaina kip a nei minam ih hi hi. H/A Pu. J.GinZaTuong in ” Zo te pau, Zote ngeina, Zo te tangthu limphatah in kanleng Zomite i menkhietna mubai pen ni” ci ngai hi. Ngaina(culture) toh kisai in ,Zo te’n shila, hinla a kipan moulaah zie,dawithoi zie dong aneng atawng abucing in akip a i neisa, I pu Zo a kipan tuni dong khanggui sim-na i neisa ciet ahi hi. Pu NgulLang in, ” Zo puan cihpen Zo te aa bek hikei, eitek aa hi ci a, asilh masa pen Tedim kampau sungpan keimah hi-ing” ci-in gen ngai hi. Sangmang J.H.Cope in Tedim Chin Reader laisimbu bawl asawm ciengin ngaina tangmii(folktales) zah na sawm hi. Ahivangin alungkim banga gentheina mulo hi.
Tuaciengin Tedim papi pawlkhatin, ” Ngeina tangthu anei Zo te hi. Zo te dongin” na ci uhhi. J.H.Cope in zong Tonzang myone Lomzang khuo pan, Pu. TuongZaGo (M.P. MangCinkhup pa) ana dong pai a Zo laisimbu sungah Zo tangmii(tangthu) pawlkhat nahal hi ci-in Rev. ThangKhoCin (Phaitu) in ana gen hi. Tuaziehin amasalam a kibawl Zo Laisimbu (Tedim Chin Reader) sungah Zo kam tampi kihal lai hi. Hinanleh tulam cienga kibawl laibute ah Zo kam mun ah Tedim kam toh kilaita hi. THUKHUPNA Zo mite pen hun khat lai in mi thupi kihi a, tuciengin i hi ci niem, i hici kithethaang pen Pasien deilo, Pasien zie toh kituohlo i kalsuon khielna khat om hi ding hi. Tuami i mu nadiingin sui in kipuophatna diing lampi lahthei lei piengsawn momsawnte adiingin gougil pen hiding hi.
TULAITAH ZO MITE DINMUN
Tulaitahin Zo mite’n kizopna(communication) hamsatna nuntahna hamsatna(louhlawna) munteng ah i teng hi. Tuaziehin khantouna lamah kinukhia a, pilna nei, a zalien, a hau i tam mama uh hi. Khamtung gam Tonzang myone ah khuo 47, Tedim myone ah khuo 8,Sagaing Division Tamu myone ah khuo 9, Kalay myone ah khuo 5 te banah Kawlgam mun tuomtuom ah Zo te i teng hi. Tulaitin Khamtung gam le Upper Chindwin gam Zo khuo a ei kitheipi te sungah (a) High School opna khuo (0) (b)Middle school omna khuo (2) (c)Primary school opna khuo (43) (d)Health Centre omna khuo .(2) (e)Tuni ciengdong Zo mi secular graduate (124) (f)Gazzetted officer(13) beh apha hi.
ZO MITE TENNA KHUOTENG KAWLGAM A ZO MITE TENNA KHUO TE
A.TONZANG MYONE SUNG
1.Vanglai 2. Khuoivum 3.Phaisat 4.Sielmei 5.Aisi 6.Haipi(0) 7.Bizang 8.Gampum 9.Buongmuol 10.Lennakot 11.Thuombuol 12.Senam 13.Langphun 14.Talzang(0) 15.Anlun 16.Gelmuol 17.Khomun 18.Khienglam 19.Nahzang 20.Sielmawng 21.Lungtah(0) 22.Phaitu 23.Khamzang 24.Khiengkan 25.Buolkuong 26.Sekang 27.Madam 28.Likhan 29.Maulawn 30.Phaidim 31.Pawnpi 32.Kehse 33.Tuigiel 34.Singtum 35.Tanzang(0) 36.Sielthawzang 37.Sielthaw 38.Muizang 39.Lamthang 40.Tahzang 41.Lomzang 42.Salzang 43.Phuntong 44.Tonzang 45.Sehsi 46.Vielcien 47.Thangdawn(0)
B. TEDIM MYONE SUNG
48.Gelzang 49.Gamngai 50.Bumzang 51.Zozang 52.Tuolmu 53.Mawngken 54.Khodai 55.Kaahgen 56.Tedim
C.KALAY MYONE SUNG
57. Kan Oo 58.Tharzi 59. Kalaymyo 60. 55-Miles 61.Kuonglien 62.Phailien
D.TAMU MY0NE SUNG 63. Buongkung 64.Nangkateih 65.Khampat No(3) 66.Khampat No(1) 67.Lallim 68. Tamu 69. Tungkyaw 70. Yuathar 71.Tuikhal ADANGTE 72.Mandalay 73. Thachileik 74. Yangon 75. Lashio 76. Pin Oo Lwin 77. Yadanar Thein-gi.
Mine Source: AD 2000 ZO MAGAZINE
Published by ZO BAPTIST ASSOCIATION HEADQUARTERS,
KALAYMYO DATED MARCH 2001
Published by ZO BAPTIST ASSOCIATION HEADQUARTERS,
KALAYMYO DATED MARCH 2001
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